Assessing Speech and Language Skills in Children with Selective Mutism

Frequently Asked Questions

We have found that most questions related to this study can be addressed by our FAQ section below. Please read over thoroughly. If you have other questions that are not addressed, you are welcome to contact us. 

Who is eligible to participate?
Children who are eligible meet the following requirements
--Are between the ages of 5-12 years old
--Have a formal diagnosis of SM from a licensed treatment professional
--The child must have SM symptoms NOW and not in the past. (meaning, if they have a past diagnosis and are now verbal in ALL settings, they are not eligible)
--The child cannot be pervasively mute (mute in all settings and with all people)
-- Must present to the Smart Center in Jenkintown , PA ( NE Philadelphia

What if my child is a year or two out of the study age requirements?
If you child is not between the ages of 5-12 years of age, he or she Is not eligible. The assessment forms used are standardized for children between the ages of 5-12 years old. We cannot make any exceptions.

WHAT is the purpose of this study?
---To determine the incidence of communication disorders among a sample of children with SM.
---To determine if the child’s speech-language difficulty is anxiety-based or if there is an added component of a receptive / expressive speech-language disorder.
---To determine if parents can effectively administer selected speech-language tests to their children suspected of having SM

(Click here for more detailed objectives)
 

WHO is orchestrating the study?
The study is a collaboration between LaSalle University Speech-Language-Hearing Science Programs and The Selective Mutism Anxiety Research & Treatment Center.   The primary investigators are Evelyn R. Klein Ph.D, CCC/SLP, a licensed psychologist and licensed speech-language pathologist and board recognized specialist in child language and Elisa Shipon-Blum DO, is a board certified physician, director of the selective mutism anxiety research and treatment center and a known expert in the field of Selective Mutism.


What is the course of events for the research study?
Click here to
View Parent Consent Form for study details


Where will the study take place?
The study takes place at the Selective Mutism Anxiety Research and Treatment Center ( Smart Center ) located at 505 Old York Rd. Jenkintown , PA 19046 . This is NE of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Directions to the SMart Center
Participants must present to this location for study participation.


IF
I live in another state, can i participate? 
Absolutely!, However, you must be able to present to the Smart Center in Jenkintown, Pennsylvania at your scheduled time.


I am willing to go to the Smart Center for the study, but will be traveling from another state. Can I receive travel expense reimbursement?

NO, we do not have funding to reimburse families for travel.  Travel is tax deductible and can help reduce your tax liability.


My child is usually MUTE with all adults. He may not speak to me during the evaluation and I am relatively sure he will remain mute with the evaluator.  How will this be handled?
Your scenario is common.  Since your child does speak to you in at least one setting, our study tries to create a one-on-one parent-child scenario. You and your child will be in our large playroom without anyone else around. We have a two way mirror and microphone and will be able to assess your child via his responses to you. If your child remains mute with you, we will ask you to TAPE your child at home doing the evaluations we trained you to do. You can then send us the tape. You will need to tape your child without him knowing since many children with SM ‘clam up’ and do not speak during videotaping.  If your child is mute with the evaluator, which we know will happen in many cases, then our study indicates this. This is important to know since the results will show, based on the number of children we test, roughly what percentage of children remain mute with ‘strangers’ (hence outside SLP’s, therapists and school professionals). This is an important fact to know!  Our hope is that we will at least receive your taped assessment with your child to be able to STUDY your child’s speech and language skills and compare them to our other study subjects.

My child is mute in ALL settings and speaks to no one, not even her immediate family. Can she still participate? 
NO, your child must be able to speak to someone to participate. There is no way to assess the skills we are trying to assess without ANY speech at all.


My child is on medication, is he still eligible for participation if he meets the other eligibility requirements?  
YES, your child can participate in the study while taking medication. However we will need to know this for study analysis.


WILL my child’s privacy be protected?
YES. Your child’s assessment forms are confidential and only seen by the research and scheduling staff. Your child’s name will not be used in any publication regarding this study. Video tapes are confidential and seen only by the research staff for analysis. They will be stored and kept in a private file that is exclusive for this study only. The Videos may be used for training purposes (if you agree); however, NO names will ever be disclosed. Your family’s contact information including names will not be supplied to any other organizations for potential research solicitation.


Will my child receive any gift for participating in this study?
We will supply all children with small take-home gifts. These toys or small items will be supplied to your child immediately following participation.

My child HAD SM, but is now verbal in all settings. Does she qualify for testing?
Unfortunately, NO.  Part of the study requirements are that your child meets the criteria of SM at the time of study participation. We are assessing S/L skills in children who are SM now. NO exceptions can be made. 


WHAT should I tell my child about the study?
Depending upon your child’s age, awareness to his or her difficulty will dictate your response.I suggest you tell your child that you are going with him/her to an office where he will look at pictures, and listen to stories. The reason you are doing this is to learn more about his/her understanding and use of language. You can mention this to him/her a few days before you come. If he/she asks questions, try to answer them as best and honestly as you can. Reassure him/her that nothing will be done that hurts and it is more like play time. You will be with him/her in the same room for most of the time and for the rest of the time you will be in a room right next to him/her. You can also tell your child that many children the same age come and work with us at the SMART Center.


IS this study a full speech and language evaluation? 

No. This is a research study and not a comprehensive speech-language evaluation. This study assesses narrative language skills, one of the strongest predictors of language outcomes and one of the best ways to assess language and working memory using high interest stories. In addition, speech intelligibility and vocabulary knowledge (receptively and expressively) are assessed.  A questionnaire is also provided to obtain information about pragmatic language skills (the functional use of language). A brief summary of the findings will be provided, however this does not include a complete diagnostic report.


What is the difference between what this study assesses and a full S/L evaluation?
Professionals have a wide range of assessment measures to choose from when testing speech-language skills. Previously, traditional S/L evaluations assess syntax, morphology and semantics as well as pragmatics using specific subsets. These tend to be separate and do not comprise a single cohesive domain. In this study, we are assessing the major parts of by using a measure of narrative language which has proven to be of predictive value in the area of speech and language (Botting, Faragher, Simkin, Knox, & Conti-Ramsden, 2001). Narrative performance at age 7 has proved to predict many areas of language ability at age 11. Children who have success in learning words and sentences are better at acquiring narrative schemes.


What ‘specifically’ does this study assess?
The study tests narrative skills (one of the strongest predictors of language outcomes and one of the best ways to assess language and working memory). We are assessing a child’s ability for comprehending language in the form of a story and the child’s ability to answer yes/no and WH- questions about information. The study also tests the child’s ability to repeat a story heard and talk about a picture they see. The evaluator will be listening to the child’s speech intelligibility and get a general level of vocabulary knowledge both in understanding and naming.  In addition, via an assessment checklist, the evaluator will be able to assess general pragmatic language skills (functional appropriateness in conversation skills).


Is this a formal SPEECH and LANGUAGE evaluation?
It is formal because we are using standardized and norm-referenced assessments. It is however looking at a specific area of speech and language, tailored to this study and therefore may not be considered a comprehensive evaluation, individualized to your child.


What are the benefits from being in this study?
Research is designed to benefit society by gaining new knowledge. You may also expect to benefit by learning about your child’s speech and language skills.  A brief report will be supplied to you following the study. 

 

What are the possible risks or discomforts involved from being in this study?  
There are no risks to your child during study participation.


What if I or my child has questions about this study?
You and your child have the right to ask, and have answered, any questions you may have about this research. If you have questions, or concerns, you should contact Dr. Evelyn Klein at: klein@lasalle.edu.   Or call our research center at: 215 887 05748.
Email is usually the fastest way to receive a reply!


How many people will take part in this study?

If your child is in this study, your child will be one of approximately 50 people in this research study.


How long will your child’s part in this study last? 

Your child’s involvement will be approximately 2 to 3 hours. This will include one-plus hours with you and about one hour with the evaluator.


Should I bring anything with me during the day of the evaluations?
It is suggested that you bring a special toy, book or game so your child may be occupied while you are being instructed on administering the tests. You may also want to bring a snack and drink during the break. It is a good idea to bring another adult with you, if possible.


WHY are we not doing a full S/L Evaluation and what is in this for me if this is not a full speech language evaluation?

This study focuses on the functional and social aspects of speech and language. This study offers children who are unresponsive using a
traditional testing approach an opportunity to respond using an alternative type of assessment from which results can be shared with school personnel, if desired. We are looking at speech and receptive-expressive language with measures of narrative language, vocabulary, and working memory. We will also note any major impairments in speech articulation, fluency, and voice however these will be assessed more informally and noted if there is a concern. The findings will help determine abilities in understanding and
using language.


Is there any special information that I will be asked prior to having my child evaluated that could possibly impact the results?
Yes. The evaluator needs to know if your child has any sensory deficits in hearing or vision. It is recommended that you have your child's hearing and vision screened prior to the testing day. You can check this out with your pediatrician, family physician or school nurse.


CAN I use this testing information to present to my school?
Yes. The assessment will provide valuable norm-referenced testing information that may be used for planning and treatment purposes.


MY school cannot seem to assess my child... can this eval be presented to the school and accepted as part of the IEP testing process?
The information should be beneficial to planning for the IEP process since the tests used are standardized and norm-referenced and a certified and licensed speech-language pathologist who is also a licensed psychologist is supervising the evaluations.


My therapist can not seem to get a full grasp on my child's skills since she does not speak. Can I present the summary to my SLP to help with treatment? IS there anything else she needs to test my child for or is everything covered???
You can certainly share this information with your child's therapist. Depending on your child's results, additional assessment information may be desired. In any case, ongoing monitoring is important to track treatment progress.

 

IF i participate in this study, Can i receive treatment advice?
Unfortunately no. Your child is not going through a full evaluation but participating in a study to assess specific speech and language skills. We cannot provide ‘advice’ on treatment since the professionals involved have not performed a full evaluation. However, recommendations will be made for follow-up.


The study is at the SMart Center . Can I consult with Dr. Shipon-Blum about my child?

Although the study takes place at the Smart center, involvement in the study is independent of an evaluation and treatment at the Smart Center . Dr. Shipon-Blum is not available for consultation unless appropriately scheduled.


Does my child have to be a patient at the Smart Center to participate?
Absolutely not!  ANY child who meets study requirements can participate?


My child is a patient at the Smart Center . Can I schedule our follow-up evaluation for the same day as the study?  
We will do our best to schedule you for the same day assuming you are flexible with dates.  Please be sure to speak to JEN about this at the time of scheduling for both your follow-up appointment and study participation.